Ethics and Corporate Accounting Practices Research Paper

Ethics and in in collectivedd Accounting Practices - Research publisher ExampleIt is the structure with the help of which the objectives of the gild atomic number 18 developed and means for attaining those goals and objective and ways of monitor them be determined. In this scenario the employment of ethics is intimately understood. Ethics is the moral philosophy, which involves systematic learning of full obligations, agreements, values and rules (Bloxham, 2011). Ethically carrying out the business operation in organizations is a general norm that prevails since the antediluvian patriarch ages. However, ethical norms or governance in case of financial reporting is a comparatively untried concept, which is further transformed due to the challenging global business scenario. The major(ip) article that has been selected for this study is Corporate governance and sustainability New and old models of thinking, by Eleanor Bloxham published in 2010. It discusses the traditional a s well as latest significance of corporate governance in organizations. Apart from this, the transformations of the financial models with the changing propagation have been also stated. However, there ar other supporting articles that have been utilized in this study in order to present a 360 degree view of corporate governance and its impacts. ... Apart from this, the role and usage of technology in financial record-keeping would be scrutinized, so as discuss the strengths and weakness of the IT found infrastructure in corporate governance. CRITICAL EVALUATION Responsibility of Corporate Governance The responsibility of corporate governance does not lie only on the shoulders of the managers in the organization. Before focusing specifically towards corporate governance in case of financial decisions making, a brief discussion on the stakeholders of the organization that are also responsible for maintaining ethics and governance in the organization would be presented in this secti on. There are approaches around the world based on which the role of the shareholders in corporate governance has been defined. In countries the like UK and US, the corporate governance norms focus on maximizing the wealth of the shareholders through efficient means sullen course. However, in the primacy approach the shareholders are treated as stakeholders where directors have the legal enforcement to consider the duties of the shareholders. From the economic perspective, shareholders are the risk bearers for the company. While another approach states that shareholders primacy should be followed and directors are primarily accountable to the shareholders (Hib, 2012). Board of directors holds the major position in case of corporate governance. They are accountable to the stakeholders and primarily to the shareholders of the company. The board also focuses on the performance of the organization and the board. The management is responsible for the sustainability by enhancing the ent erprise value of the company and also directs the company towards its corporate objective. It is the

Feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Feedback - Essay ExampleIn a speech provided by the duster House Web site (2009) titled Remarks by the president on the home mortgage crisis, hot seat Barak Obama highlighted how the mortgage phenomenon challenged the American dream and it frightened our nations financial system, the strength of our families and communities. President Obama (2009) utter that, its a crisis that strikes at the heart of the middle class the homes in which we invest our savings and build our lives, bid our families and plant roots in our communities. Millions of this countrys citizens ended up losing their jobs and are still at risk of losing their properties. The foreclosure crisis impacted the United States economy dramatically, and I strongly believe that one way to cherish ourselves from foreclosures is to control the risk of our financial activities, and as homebuyers we should be well aware of what type of loans we can afford.As homeowners it is essential to take responsibility and take proper actions when it comes down to correctly distributing the households budget. fit in to Petrovich (2008), usually one individual manages the books in the majority of our households, meaning taking charge for bills getting remunerative and supervising the finances. Moreover, Petrovich (2008) had written that the person in charge knows if the total income is enough to keep up with the expenses. It is slowly to review your expenses increases versus the earnings you are bringing home. Are you considering in your monthly balance sheet cost like utility bills or simply groceries? Determining and examining your spending behaviors is crucial to be successful at managing your finances, and have a lifestyle that meets your budget (Petrovich, 2008).But what do we know and why do we vex about foreclosures? According Frame (2010), foreclosure can be defined as a legal

Legal Research (ECHR) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Legal Research (ECHR) - endeavor Example53924/00, ECHR 2000 http//www.1cor.com/1315/?form_1155.replyids=370 The article examines the range of the cover of the European Convention on Human Rights (Article 2), regarding the unborn foetus. In the case of Vo V France, the focus is on the jurisprudence of the ECHR on a countrys province to life protection in view of both charitable and involuntary, neglectful extinction of pregnancies. According to the laws of miscarriage of Europe and United States, a gradualist ethical viewpoint on the conceptus status could substantiate the liability of criminal punishments for foetal death resulting from aggressive conduct against an expectant woman without discrimination to the womans rights. In the case of Vo v. France, Mrs. Thi-Nho Vo (applicant) was a Vietnamese born staying in France. She visited Lyons General Hospital on November 17, 19991 to run through regular medical check during her six months of pregnancy. Another woman, Mrs. Thi Than h van Vo, had visited the same hospital the same twenty-four hour period to remove the coil. Because of a mistake due to sharing of a common name by the cardinal women, he physician who examined the first woman perforated amniotic sac, facilitating therapeutic abortion. Although the complainant and her husband lodged a claimant in 199, the physician was acquitted by the Court of Cassation on 30 June 1999. Basing on Article 2 of European Convention, the applicants lodged complain on the governments refusal to categorize the inadvertent killing of the unborn tiddler as involuntary homicide. The Grand Chamber considered that the subject of the start of life was an come forward to be indomitable at national stage since the subject had not been determined in the many of the members of the Convention, France in particular, where the return was an issue of public discussion. Also, the decision made since there was no universal European agreement on the legal and scientific definition of the start of life. That is, at European level, of consensus was present regarding the status and nature of the embryo and foetus although it could be considered universal ground between countries that the foetus/embryo belonged to humanity. Its capacity to become a human being needed protection in terms of human dignity, devoid of making it an separate with the liberty of life for reasons of Article 21. Moreover, all the nine adjudicators who joined the like-minded and dissenting views felt the issue of whether a foetus lies within the protection of article 2 is in the province of the Court to ascertain. Nonetheless, the ECHR should wee-wee accomplished its duty by analyzing the Convention and its procedures to understand the extent of everyone in regard to article 2. Because of these unfathomed and serious objections towards bringing a foetus in the protective sector of the ECHR, Judge Rozakis, together with several(prenominal) judges on the panel were correctly concerned to mention the fault in the Courts analysis that, while declining to approve that Article 2 was appropriate in this court case, the majority obstinate to abandon their neutral position based the conclusion of non violation on the assertion that the technical guarantees intrinsic in the defense of Article 2 had already been gratified in the states of this court case. Through the application the even assuming method on the suitability of Article 2 and by linking the life of the foetus to that of the motherparagraph 86the greater part had surreptiously brought the Conventions

Collecting and Analyzing Data Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Collecting and Analyzing Data - Assignment ExampleEradicate the cases of anxiety among teenage girls in the urban center of Everett Public School System.4. Theory The health advancement curriculum is founded by the cognitive set of anxiety. The framework looks at anxiety from the perspective of vulnerability and describes the appraisal of threat (Clark & Beck, 2011).5. Program activities The health progression program main activity is to assess the African American girls between 12-18 years in the City of Everett Public School system. The girls are then put in different groups to utilize one particularised treatment that will give different results for comparison to determine the best option.6. Resources and constraints The resources available for the health promotion program include experiential support references got from different studies to help in determining the effective treatment. The fraternity serves as an important resource to help identify acceptable cultural beh aviors that are applicable to the health promotion program. The constraints in the health promotion program include insufficient resources that cannot see the program to the end. on that point is also a repugn from the perspective of the students who do not adhere to the established treatment sessions.The challenge encountered in creating the health promotion program plan included information strategies were not enough to make up ones mind the prime behavior because there is competition with the numerous information that the African American girls are undetermined to. There is also the difficulty in making sure the information flows in two shipway enabling mutual understanding of the African American girls and the professionals. To overcome these challenges I introduced the health promotion program to the African American girls in a debate setting. In this environment, the African American girls came into contact with the health professionals involved. The participants also exp ressed their

Case Study Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

pillowcase Study Analysis Paper - Essay ExampleDoug bequeath be required to conduct a diagnosis of the newly initiated orientation program and the prevailing mold environment so that he rout out identify the problems contributing to the poor employee conflict. A diagnosis will help Doug determine whether or not his program or the work environment or both atomic number 18 causing problems relative to participation in new employee orientation program (Jackson et al, 2011). It is only after Doug has conducted a diagnosis of the program and the employee work environment can he effectively construct an action plan (Jackson et al, 2011). Doug must be minute however, to check the results and look for additional schooling which can identify other aspects of the problem (Kubr & Prokopenko, 1989, p. 67). Doug will name to take into account a large spectrum of variables. As von Hippel (1994) informs, in order to solve a problem, information is needed and problem solving capabilities mus t be utilized (p.429). In this regard Doug will be required to process the results of his diagnosis and reevaluate six specific facts of a workable strategy express goals diagnosis of the environment strategizing evaluation of the strategy implementing his strategy and control of the strategy (Schendel & Hofer, 1979). In strategizing, it will be entirely necessary for Doug to take account of the people that he seeks to set goals and strategies for new employees. In anticipating and set strategies for new employees and the work environment, it will be necessary for Doug to take into account pre-employment expectations, experiences following employment and whatever gaps that might influence new employees morale (Sutton & Griffin, 2004). For instance, high expectations prior to entering the workplace whitethorn not have been fulfilled and thus employee motivation and morale might be low. Dougs strategy may have to be reorganized around reaching out to employees as a means of incite employees rather than merely orientation strategies. In other words, a diagnosis of the program and the employees environmental conditions might inform Doug that his program does not correspond with the experiences of the new employees. Thus an action plan will have to take these factors into consideration. Doug must take every(prenominal) reasonable steps to ensure that he is responsive to the lack of participation by new employees. If the problem turns out to be a mere computer programming problem he might want to reschedule his program so that it accommodates the schedules of a majority, if not all of his new employees. Scheduling may only be one of the problems that require Dougs attention. It might as well be a problem with the gap between pre-employment expectations and post-employment experiences. A review of the literature informs that there are a number of solutions that Doug may consider and these solutions relate to long-term solutions that are built into the working environment. stolon and foremost, the idea is to create a culture that transfers motivation and learning throughout the organization by sexual morality of a socialization and invocation process. This can be accomplished by virtue of building efficiency within the organization among employees and local supervisors (Forman & Jorgensen, 2001, p. 71). It is also necessary to encourage employee involvement in the planning and exploit process relative to tasks and

Neo Aristotelian Analysis of Sex and the City Essay

Neo Aristotelian Analysis of awake and the City - Essay ExampleAccording to Bushnell, the primary(prenominal) characters of the chronicle are based on her and her friends in real life (Degtyareva, 2005). This inspiration from real life makes the series believable and identifiable. The story is told in branch person by Carrie in the form of a narration. Carrie often talks to the audience in the pump of a scene to make a specific point. The first person narration withal representation that we see the lives of the four women through Carries perspective. This is important since it impacts the character aspect of the Neo-Aristotelian Analysis and will be discussed in details below. The entire series is set in Manhattan and so the overall character of the city also influences the characters and their actions. At the start of the series, the audience is introduced to the four friends who are all integrity and looking for love. Carrie is a writer, Samantha is in public relations, Mir anda is a lawyer and Charlotte works in an art gallery. The four friends have contrasting diagnostics. For example, art object Samantha is assertive and aggressive and has a number of short lived affairs, Charlotte is much more traditional and believes in wedding and relationships. The four main characters hope to find love and marriage and so are shown dating a number of men through the series in an attempt to find the right life partner. The main theme repeated several times through the series shows someone of the main cast decision what seems to be the perfect man but then realizing that the said man is not the right one. holding this overall theme in mind, we shall now attempt a Neo-Aristotelian Analysis of the Sex and the City series. follow up The Neo-Aristotelian Analysis defines action as any occurrence performed by a character, be it physical, mental or emotional that furthers the plot, delineates character, or explains or dramatizes a theme (Taflinger, 1996). Action consists of eight parts. These are exposition, problem, point of attack, foreshadowing, complications, crisis, the stop and the denouement. In Sex and the City, we see these eight parts of the action being repeated in every episode, every season and in the series as a whole. In other words, every single episode had an exposition which establishes the status quo at the beginning of the episode. This is quickly followed by the problem definition as we were introduced to an issue that needs to be solved. Some kind of complication furthers the story to the crisis point which is than solved by the characters in the climax. As such, each episode is a complete story on its own and any person not following the series could still enjoy a particular episode. Just as each episode is complete on its own because it follows the eight parts of action, similarly, each of the six season is a complete story on its own. And the whole series also follows the eight actions to form a complete story whi ch can be said to have an exposition, a problem, a complication, crisis, climax and denouement. This characteristic off Sex and the City is common to all sitcoms wherein every episode is a complete story on its own and the entire series also tells a story. This action is extremely important for the success of a sitcom because every audience, irrespective of whether or not he/she is regularly watching the show, should be able to enjoy the episode. The aim of each episode is to hook any new viewer as well as keep the old

Risk managment and insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

essay managment and amends - Essay ExampleLencsis (1997) argues that the promotion of restitution solvency is the most vital goal of insurance ordinance. It is of heavy(p) importance to the regulators since it makes the outcome of insurance transactions certain and predictable. This is because, predictable results are the essence of insurance. As a result, the maintenance and promotion of the solvency of the insurer are at the regulators heart.The other explanation in this respect is that individuals check are not capable of protecting themselves in respect of insurance transactions. This is due to the fact that insurance is more than a contingent promise that is to be provided in the future. As such, the promise is worth a company standing before it. Typically, a consumer cannot monitor or evaluate the solvency of an insurance company. Furthermore, insurance report and actuarial procedures are difficult and complicated, thus requiring a regulator to monitor the solvency of th e insurance companies on behalf of the common (Lencsis, 1997).The other importance in respect of solvency regulation is that it ensures that the public is protected in case the insurance company becomes insolvent. Lencsis (1997) notes that the state of insolvency of an insurance company may cause a lot of tribulations and massive losses to the insured entities.Insurance solvency regulation is also of importance to the regulator especially with regard to life insurance, and to whatsoever extent property insurance, since they are responsible for sizable amounts of insured savings. Therefore, since the insurers operations parallel fiduciary operations, solvency regulation must be regulated for public interest (Lencsis, 1997).The solvency of an insurance company is very important to the regulators as it protects the insured from unscrupulous dealers and insurance companies that may become

Summaries of Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summaries of Articles - Essay ExampleAnother flesh of harmony of the white and black which came from the same origin is ghostly music. Beginning in the mid-17th century, black slaves receives religious instructions from their masters. At the same time, British preachers have also started their religious missions in their American colonies thereby influencing both races in the nation. Camp meetings for the black slaves become the most important venue where Africans absorbed hymns and gospel songs. The shape-note method which is both utilized by black slaves and Americans serve a clear indication of the captivate of British in south music.Recognizing the rapid advancement in technology in the modern world, this diary article examines the transformation from music publishing to MP3. The article recognizes the profit motive of business organizations engaged in the production of music and the utilization of technology in order to maximize returns. The author stresses that the unders tanding of how music evolved can be traced to the understanding of where technology developed. It then equates music popularity and culture with industrialized economies which can obtain music most efficiently. From the humble publishing of music, the world has witnessed the burgeoning power of private labels in music production. However, this row is now being altered through the internet technology which allows artists to market their musical creations to the public.The main leaning of the author in the novel is the inexistent conflict between the black and the white. This is highlighted through the four movies which are condition as examples in order to prove his point which includes Uncle Toms Cabin, The Birth of a Nation, The manage Singer, and Gone with the Wind. His apparent goal is to prove that Jewish immigrants and their offspring as vaudeville performers, songwriters, and motion check moguls become the examples for a structure of exploitation produced a

ECO201-MicroEconomics Mod 5 CBT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ECO201-MicroEconomics Mod 5 CBT - Essay ExampleWith higher profitability, the alliance is able to have the financial capacity to improve its technology through additional investment.Improvement in technology and bargaining power over its suppliers make it harder for small-scale players to compete with the existing large-scale companies. not only will the federation with highly improved technology be able to produce much product to meet the securities industry demand but also offer a better role product to the consumers. Therefore, it is more likely that the market structure with cartels is an oligopoly also known as having a less big-time players in the market.Basically, a cartel prohibits a perfect competition to occur since big players within the homogeneous industry be able to openly discuss about the fixed price big transnational companies will impose on self-colored products.to compete more on improving the quality of homogenous products they offer to the consumers asi de from its marketing and promotional activities. In the process, these companies are required to compete in the market through product differentiation and product diversification. (Salin, 1996 pp. 37 38)Basically, the profitability of a large multinational company that manufacture lave product may invest some money in research and knowledge in order to enable the company to innovate new product that could stimulate the interest of its designate consumers. A good example was when arometherapy gain popularity in the market. In line with aromatherapy, a well-known shampoo brand called Palmolive under Colgate-Palmolive started to produce shampoo with different scent of aromatherapy. (Colgate, 2008)Given that large-scale multinational companies that are into cartel situation still has to compete for the same market. For this reason businesses that are able to continuously larn new strategies and innovates new products that could arouse the interest of its target market are the

Technology and Training Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Technology and Training Systems - Essay ExampleA number of the participants stated that the interviewing phase acted as a means of exploring the procreation system, debate the findings, and change the evaluation into an academic expedition. With no proper questioning, employees who may record poor productivity in the training system may get the wrong thought about the organization or its training system.In my assessment, I also learned that subjects should draw on the entire experience of the training session and not simply the outcome. This drawing should include shifting the decoct of the debate from matters employees enjoy conversing about to topics that are more important (Lger, Feldstein, Babin, Charland, Robert, & Lyle, 2011). For instance, participants of my assessment ought to have talked about sort out behaviors that either abeted or limited them during training. Other questions that employees in similar career development systems could bespeak are the signifi chamber potce of clarity, the full exploitation of all separate members contribution, requirements for complete usage of the knowledge of mate employees, and the effects of such combined effort. During the questioning in my assessment, I emphasized the fact that a group that did not produce desired results in the training system but can explain the settle down of this poor delivery is at an advantage compared to a group that produced desired results but cannot explain wherefore they performed well.My assessment also established that a more official and ready teaching presentation can be helpful for questioning. This is a good chance for analyzing some of the key concepts behind incorporation and technology-supporting training systems and offering explanations and features of these systems. With the simulation training experience, employees can most probably relate to these accounts better because they have use the technology in a virtual environment. A conventional strategy to questioni ng can aid in maturing training processes

Geographical Information System (GIS) in Qatar Essay

Geographical Information System (GIS) in Qatar - demonstrate ExampleWithout a doubt, Qatar foresees hurdles and challenges it has to face during the course of implementing its plans, and designs the contingency plans as well. On the technological positioning however, the continually changing trend in modeling and concepts linked to GIS data heavily strains the resources. Moreover, softw ar solutions that are comprehensive and are at per with other Information Technology fronts and address all the needs ask by this unique model have not yet emerged. Such models are the regions pressing GIS needs for cruising into the next millennium.Qatar, a country characterized by desert topography, experienced rapid developing over the past decades following the countrys discovery of oil. Consequently, a spurt in strong-arm growth occurred, followed by infrastructure development at a large scale, a fete which had to be at per with the rapid growth. Inefficient resource anxiety, inadequate coo rdination, and duplication of efforts among political science agencies heavily strained the government in the face of shrinking budgets and the ever-growing demands. In utilizing resources optimally when the country faced such rapid growth, the availability of the correct information at the correct time, became apparent as the key and efficient system of management and decision-making. This perception, along with the realization that close to eight percent of this vast body of information was related to the countrys geography, prompted the governments option for a nationwide fully implemented GIS program for Qatar. Towards this end, the nerve for GIS (CGIS) and the National Steering Committee were formed in 1990. Currently, digitally common base maps are available online for access by all agencies using GIS in Qatar, via a fiber optic network of luxuriously speed. Data consistency and the control of duplication efforts

Audited and Unaudited Financial Statements of Patton-Fuller Community Assignment

Audited and Unaudited Financial Statements of Patton-Fuller Community hospital Virtual Organization - Assignment ExampleIn 2009, there was a fall in occupation and real estate markets which affected the hospital in making general financial decisions. The 2008 and 2009 financial statements were prompt so as to understand and compare changes brought by reassessing investments of the facility. This will help bring out the absolute and negative changes and reasons why they occur.To begin with, the first difference is noted between the audited and unaudited financial statements. Looking at the Patients Accounts Receivable and with 2008 as the base year, there is a difference of $1000. Provision for Doubtful accounts in the unaudited accounts has a value of $13797 and audited statement has $13,797 resulting in a difference of $1000. Operating income in 2009 was at $689 for unaudited and at $-311 subsequently audit resulting in a difference of $378. Effect of the differences realized i n the net income from the unaudited statements to the audited statements was from $627 to -$373.Looking at the above differences, it can be noted that the decision made by the board through the antique Financial Officer was favourable. With the unstable economy, the differences provided confidence to the hospital to be successful in the future operations.

Workbook One Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Workbook One - Essay ExampleConsidering marriage and family life in Britain, North Ireland and Scotland have lower rates of marriage due to differing religious and cultural structure (Irwin 1994 129). By virtue of being in Europe, Britain is also a member of the European Economic Community. Anderson (1991) regards them as imagined communities or group of people bound together by their habitat.Emile Durkheim recognized two types of social solidarity mechanical and organic fertilizer solidarity (Somerville 2011). Mechanical solidarity is present for those who live together and are mostly bound together by human relationship ties. They develop norms that dictate their behaviour and which bind them together. Deviation from acceptable behaviour or norms is considered a criminal offense against the community and is punishable. However, as the community develops and enlarges, people move different ways and this solidarity is broken (Irwin 1994). For example, in Britain subsequently indu strialization most people moved to towns to look for greener pastures (jobs) leading to urbanisation. Business run by family members seldom exist anymore giving rise to large factories and industries. Here in factories, division of labour is analyzable thus necessitating organic solidarity. People performing different tasks collaborate and depend on each otherwise for the well-being of all. These people are thus held together by other interests besides place. They may serving same religious beliefs, sexual orientation, occupation or ethnic origin (Crow & Allan 1995). For example, we may have a gay or lesbian community or a protestant or catholic community. Although families rarely meet like in the past since they are scattered, they communicate often due to improved communication. thither are also changes in family life as in contemporary Britain the family does not depend on the man as the bread winner. Women are now engaged in

Interview a parent on child culture,views,race etc Essay

question a upgrade on child culture,views,race etc - Essay ExampleOn the other hand, development of words and self-esteem in children has also been attributed to fond interactions. In addition to that, social interaction leads to a much than cohesive community and families. The method chosen for this study was interviewing. This information collection method was preferred since it results to more data. Secondly, it gives respondents a chance to address the questions using as much information as possible. Thirdly, interviewing provides the researcher with an probability to clarify on issues since it is a one on one affair. The major setback of this method is the while taken to collect the data. It will take a researcher more time compared to when other data collection methods such as questionnaires are used. To understand the above themes, the respondent was subjected to the following questions. Interview questions and responses from the parent Do you think establishing a int ermissioning routine for children is authoritative? Responses Yes it is. It makes the children know when they are expected to sleep It is important in establishing a time that children must sleep. Parents need to realize that they play a extended role in making this a success. How do you think parents can establish a ordered sleeping routine for children? Responses By setting a particular time when the children are expected to sleep and adhering to it By ensuring that children associate bed with sleep, that is, they should sleep as soon as they get to bed. How do parents or caregivers refer the sleeping routine of their babies? Response Caregivers affect the sleeping patterns of the children by allowing children to be involved in other activities such as watching TV instead of sleeping. How does play affect the physical and social growth in children? Response It plays an important role in the physical development of children. It also assists in identifying the talents and nurturi ng them Do you think play can encourage social interaction among the children? Kindly explain Responses Yes, it helps them to turn more confident and develop communication skills. It should be encouraged to assist children especially who are shy(p) to regain their confident. Play may make children more assertive and ready to confront any challenges on their way How do video games help in fostering development in children? Response It assists in fostering intellectual capacity in children. They assist in making children more creative and blush improve in arithmetic What do you think contributes to poverty in families? Response Lack of tone education making it impossible for people to be employed Unemployment and unequal distribution of resources. How does poverty affect the family relationship surrounded by children and parents? Responses It can cause family problems such as violence, which can affect the relationship between children and parents It denies children a chance to receive quality education and health How can families establish good relationship despite being poor? Response They should know that money is not everything, love and harmony plays a big role in the family. Therefore, the family should ensure poverty does not steal the good relationship important for development. What is the significance of language in a community? Responses It assists in conveying the norms of a given base of people from one culture to another It makes a given group of

Offender Recidivism and Employment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Offender Recidivism and body of work - Essay Exampleaper aims to discuss about offenders on supervision and how their employment status determines their advantage on supervision and their recidivism on re-offending. Determining the proper response to the re-offending behavior of criminals has plagued governments, criminologists, the judiciary, and the community for slightly time.A precise figure for the rate of recidivism can non be ascertained, as much crime goes unreported and the courts do not convict all offenders for various reasons, including lack of evidence. Rates of recidivism also depend on what measures are employ in terms of the time frame considered and whether one is concerned about particular offences, re-arrest rates, or re-imprisonment. there are many factors that contribute to the re-offending behavior of an individual. Many prisoners have poor education and employment histories, visualise greater rates of mental illness and bad physical health, and have issue s associated with drug and alcohol misuse.The printing of prison or jail sentences on recidivism is an important issue to those concerned with public safety and the cost-effectiveness of put convicted offenders in prison. Opinions are divided between those advocating longer sentences in the interest of public safety, and those advocating shorter sentences with the assumption that incarceration, or longer prison terms, will not reduce recidivism rates. This paper summarizes the theories and the empirical studies on this issue. Study findings argue that the effect of incarceration (versus other sentencing options) and sentence length on recidivism is complex and is likely to be offender-specific. For some offenders, incarceration and longer confinement seem to increase the risk of recidivism. For other offenders, the likelihood of re-offense will each be unaffected or reduced by longer terms of incarceration. Furthermore, early-release programs do not pop to affect overall recidi vism rates. It is well recognized that offenders have a high

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Paper Term - 3

Organizational way Terminology and Concepts - Term Paper ExampleIn order for a company to function adequately it is essential for the employees of the firm to have good communication with their manager. The manager has to communicate well with their workers to ensure they dress their jobs adequately. The lines of communication should always be open. In cases in which in that location is lack of communication among the staff there are usually more problems and conflicts than in companies with good communication. The utilization of intranet helps improve the communication flow among the workers. Companies should hear out employees with good verbal and written communication skills. Corporations should also establish good communication mingled with the firm and its customers. The corporate website of a firm is medium that that is used to improve the communication with the customers. A cable concept that has become very popular in the work identify of the 21st century is diversenes s. Workplace conversion involves differences based on gender, race and ethnicity, age, able-bodiedness and sexual orientation. Diversity can improve the corporate destination of an enterprise. Firms that have good diversity benefit from the ideas of its workers because people of diametric backgrounds have gone through different life experiences. These experiences are used in brainstorming sessions to generate solutions to problems. A company that has used diversity well to improve the performance of its business units is Starbucks Caf. As partners, we embrace diversity to create a place where each of us can be ourselves.

Effective pain relief in postoperative patients Essay Example for Free

Effective inconvenience break in backoperative patients EssayPain is physiological mechanism and a means of the body ready the person ab discover either currently present or impending ravish to it. It finish be defined as the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential damage (Gelinas, 2004). Consequently, the words discomfort has also been used interchangeably with disturb in the past and can be defined as a negative affective and/or physical state subject to change in magnitude in response to internal or environmental conditions (Gelinas, 2004). Pain is a actually important component in premeditation of the working(a) patients, both preoperative and post operative. Surgery itself afflicts crowing amounts of trauma on the patient. The cark that the patient has to incur afterwards adds his anxiety levels and stresses the body. Lack of or brusk amounts of pain attention by the staff, impacts the patients healing process. Their mob ility and in the long terms their duration of hospital retain is also affected. It is important that, for optimal patients health management and accusation, a means tool must be available to measure the patients pain assessment and comfort requirement through pharmacological and non pharmacological means. bittie explore has been done to properly assess and document the prevalence of pain and its management protocols in post operative patients. The pain scoring systems are available to attempt to quantify pain and manage it accordingly. These inborn ones include the categorical rating scales (CRS) in which patient rates pain from No to mild concur or severe. Another one is the Visual Analog score ( vessel) where the individual scores are position on a 10-cm line where the left anchor point is labeled no Pain and the properly anchor point is labeled worst possible pain.Since every patient has a change threshold for pain, and requires varying levels of drugs, to over come the pain, it is better for there to be both a prejudiced index number for pain as well as an intent one, that is to say, that the nurses an also assess how much pain the patient is in, by using a tool she is provided with. Cardiac surgery is a major thoracic surgery and patients post operatively require lot analgesics to manage pain so that their morbidities associated with pain (like pain in breathing, walking etc) can be eliminated.Usually morphine is used for the purpose of pain relief but there are indications that Fentanyl can perform a similar relief without much of the nerve effects associated. There needs to be some focus into this theory. This can be achieved by placing 2 similar populations of adult cardiac patients who have just undergone cardiothoracic surgery on morphine or Fentanyl. As is the standard procedure nowadays, quality indicators, both subjective and objective can be used.The VAS pain scoring card can be provided to the patients for them to record the differ ent levels of pain that they feel. The nurses would be provided with indictors to record objective findings which can indicate pain. These can be physiological and behavioral indicators. The physiological indicators can be constellate into cardiovascular, respiratory and cerebral responses (Gelinas, 2004). Pain associated responses would include tachypnea in respiratory, tachycardia and increased blood pressure in cardiac and raised ICP in cerebral responses.After assessment of the pain levels with the quality indicators, the pain management drugs testament be administered and later the subjective and objective pain assessment will be repeated to check over which drugs effects were greater and lasted longer. A study conducted by Celine Gelinas on critically ill incubated patients, to find out what are the protocols and tools used to assess pain management are and if the patients were being given effective relief. He used subjective as well as objective tools. The results revealed that physicians betokend no role in documenting pain in patients.Most of the reporting was done by nurses and the patients. It was also noticed that nurses assessment of pain was much less than that reported by the patients themselves. The research concluded that the documentation boilers suit about the pain and its management was incomplete in general with little attention being given. The research also noted that even after being notified about the pain, its effective management only took place 60 percent of the time. (Gelinas, 2004). In and interventional study conducted by Francoise Bardiau in 2003, the quality indicators e. g. VAS were introduced in the surgical and anesthesia department.After a be of assessment of knowledge of nurses, VAS to assess pain was the nurses worked to improve pain management. After further surveys, it was noted that initiation of programs to setting of quality indicators improves the overall pain management system. (Bardiau, F. , M, 2003) Idval l E tested a 5 point scale to measure the effects of quality indicator maintain pain relief measurements.The results suggest initial support for the new instrument as a measure of strategic and clinical quality indicators in postoperative pain management, but it must be further refined, tested and evaluated. Idvall E 2002) a multidisciplinary program development was introduced found on evidence based medicine to focus on construction of proper management protocols to implement clinician as well as patient based pain relief programs The results suggest that addressing pain management through a concoction of strategies targeted at the level of the institution, the clinician, and the patient may lead to desired changes in practice and better outcomes for patients. . Bedard, D (2006).A survey conducted on post operative cardiac ICU patients, about their pain experiences revealed that contempt the pain management regimes in place nowadays, the pain frequencies, and intensities were th e same as they were to a greater extent than than a ex ago. Pain management is a vital component of patient care. Quality of pain management can only be assessed through proper indicators. These can be multimodal. The patient populations on which these indicators can be applied are preoperative and postoperative patients.Post operative cardiac patients under nursing care can benefit well from implementation of quality indicators such as VAS. In the nursing art subjective scoring by the patients themselves enables the nurses to manage the pain properly. This will lead to quicker recovery by the patients and earlier discharge. In the long term this means leads financial implications on the patients due to reduced hospital stay. Also nursing work load gets reduced as the patient tern over is increased. The healthcare approach gets reduced. A Post operative pain management (POP) project was conducted in 2003.A nationwide survey was done to conceive the implementation of quality im provement projects in the field of pain management, it was noted that more than 70% of the hospitals were reportedly satisfied with the implementations and the outcomes of the quality improvement programs. Based on the analysis, it is noted that on the overbearing side, proper implementations of the quality indicators and improvement programs in the healthcare system and especially in the ICU and surgical wards, the patients stay can become quite comfortable.The stay can be reduced and the cost of healthcare to the system, the insurance companies, and the patient themselves can be reduced. In the other hand we can clearly see that by using the indicators we in effect are placing more workload on the nurses. If the subjective VAS and the objective physiological changes in the patient has to be monitored regularly just to assess the pain levels, a lot of quality time will be wasted.This time could have been used to tend to more critical patients. Now the question arises if it is wort h the effect to implement the QI programs. The answer would lie in Force field analysis and the Lewins theory. If the benefits out way the set backs, we can implement the system. The rare thing would be that we assess the pain management needs of each department of the health care system and implement the QIs in the ones in which the implementation benefits out way the costs.

Social media negative impact on teenagers Essay Example for Free

Social media negative impact on teenagers EssayMany types of social media display a bad boy envision which consists of addiction to effect abuse (drugs and alcohol), violence, dialect on luxurious material possessions and lack of moral values. It is this bad boy image that severely impacts the minds of teenagers. It is very common to find a video of a credit portraying a character that is addicted to substance abuse. For instance, Youtube is filled with plenty of music videos, movies and pictures that display celebrities with numerous addictions to substance abuse. Examples of much(prenominal) celebrities include, Nicolas Cage (alcohol addict) in the movie Leaving Las Vegas and Leonardo DiCaprio (drug addict) in the movie The Basketball Diaries. When a celebrity plays a fictional role of an addict, more teenagers pick up the addiction.Teenagers tend to imagine that such types of addictions atomic number 18 cool as their icons engage in such addictions. In addition, social media portray a fortune of violence that amuse teenagers. For instance, cp24.com shows videos and pictures of gangsters and thieves shedding blood of innocent people. In such situations, culprits are practically seen remittal problems through violence rather than through peace. Teenagers pick up on this depiction of brutality and think that it is better to solve a conflict through violence in order to gain a popular image in society. Also, social media is actively engaged in promoting exquisite materialistic goods.For instance, Facebook displays many pictures of celebrities endorsing expensive products. Examples of such endorsements include Michael Schumacher (Ferrari, Lamborghini) and Jessica Simpson (Gucci, Prada). Teenagers that look up to their icons come to the conclusion that in order to be popular one must acquire such luxurious goods. Moreover, social media places a great emphasis on acting immorally. For example, etonline.com shows real life situations of celebrities lyi ng, stealing, and taking part in scandalous affairs. Teenagers are often taken into believing that such irresponsible acts are normal and expected to be followed. Thus, it is fairly apparent(a) that social media plays a vital role in exerting a strong negative influence on teenagers.

Personal Statement Essay Example for Free

Personal Statement EssayThe sound of the thunderous crowd in the stress seemed to fade away as I approached the stage. Droplets of sweat began to run down my face as my benevolent nervous system kicked into gear, sherona grant stand up I began to shake and become weak merely gained a lot of confidence and I walked upon the stage and held my head high and looked into the crowd and turned rough and received my diploma and then on to getting accepted into universities and making my mother a royal woman has been an amazing feeling so I want to continue to place a smile on her heart and a memory on her forehead to show her that I am an advantage story. A dream can lay waste lone(prenominal) if there is no kick emerge to reality. In the sleep state there is no conscious being but once you be awoken from the formality of death, only being that you were in darkness for nine months and trip is at its standing standing ovation your passage way is a wide and broad path either you take the path less(prenominal) traveled or you take the most traveled path. I chose to uphold a different light I chose the path less traveled, amongst millions I stand out because of my kindled soul encamping the dark earthly concern bringing forward a sense of light to the wilderness.My confidence does not over power my personalisedity, I am a very relaxed person and in the humble state you can only conceal upon things to take its place and move freely in your life. In the bible it states faith without work is deathlike and idol helps those that helps themselves. Im attending Florida a amp m university at this moment and I do not think this is the place for me I prefer to attend a university like record university because it has a Christian environment that I need to get closer to god along with my personal experience with god.I went to a high school that had Christian values and the school taught me patience in every way possible. From the research I did I take Point Univ ersity fits who I am as a whole in the mission, values, goals statements states that Point University is a school that educate students for Christ-centered service and leadership passim the world. They statements begin to breakdown how and what impart be done to show the teachings of Christ and how the student has grown and will learn through the teachings of the teachers and how the atmosphere will flow.Academic background comes from when I first started school in Jamaica and then when I came to America I always been a person about business and neer gave up no look how hard a subject was for me. I have volunteered at trade of place I was a volunteer at a hospital named memorial regional hospital, I was also a water girl for my schools football team and I was an active member of my church building with the youth department.I have been put down and told that because of certain things I will not catch up with it but god was judged so who am I not to be judged I will never give u p my dreams that I have because of my pride and who I am which is a strong willed person. I am a person that does not care what another person has to say about me because god created me to be who I am a strong, persistent and hard working person. Point University seems to be a place where there is no playing just strictly business and support from staff no matter if you mess up.Im interested in attending Point University to grow spiritually and finish my education in the biological studies to become a doctor. My personal motto states no matter how long it takes you to achieve a goal as long as you get it is all that matters. A change has to be made in your life and this change of wanting to attend a Christian school will be a better one for me instead of a school with no order. My achievements in my academic career have been my main focus but god should always be my number one choice and then all other things will be added onto my life.As I reflect back over my experiences, I have c ome to realize that medicine is not only a career, but also a lifelong relationship and strong commitment to my future. I believe that I am equipped with qualities needed to excel as a future student and as a future doctor. Whether it be the patience learned plot attending school or development in god I will come out with something worth the wait. Also the compassion radiated while learning and helping others while I obtain my career or the stamina needed to postulate and learn all material given to me I know without a doubt that I am and will be a student and a doctor.

Language of Hysteria Essay Example for Free

Language of Hysteria EssayDuring the 1690s, there was a pot violence due to beliefs of the existence of witches. With this fact came the Salem Witch Trials which occurred in Salem Village, Massachusetts. A boy kindred child began to exhibit abnormal behaviour and so she was taken in to be examined, they found zippo that could cause her to be rush in such a manner. The entire village began to panick and started praying to God to get relinquish of evil. Conspiracies began to take rise in the village that made the villagers believe that there were witches in their village. Three women were criminate of having relations with the Satan. Accusations grew larger and soon there were people who were tried and were killed. These events led to the Salem Witch Trials. The hysteria grew and began to worry people of high standings and soon the assumptions of witchcraft ended. imputable to misconceptions and assumptions the Salem Witch Trials began. During the 1930s there was a mass hyst eria of alien invasions. This became known as the War of the Worlds radio broadcast move out by Orson swell.Welles adds in effects that could cause the people to go into a enjoin of panic. He got the idea from H. G. Wells novel The War of the Worlds. Bad timing became the cause of this mass hysteria. Due to the fact that during those times many people had radios and most families were listening to popular shows and by the time they got to Welles they were not able to listen to his introduction. They heard music being interrupted and surprising news of explosions and new(prenominal) sounds that exemplify an alien invasion.The people that tuned in to the radio broadcast late misunderstood and developed a fear and this one of the many causes of the mass hysteria in the 1930s. During the 1690s and the 1930s there mass hysterias like the Salem Witch Trials and the War of the Worlds radio broadcast that caused people to go into panic. These panic attacks were due to misconceptions and misunderstandings. The union between these two mass hysterias is that the people misunderstood in both situations and caused them to start to panic. These two events have the common factor of how the events occurred.

Towneley Cycle Story of Noah and Gill Essay Example for Free

Towneley Cycle Story of Noah and Gill EssayThe Towneley vibration is a story line created in the seventeenth centaury with laugherwrights who expressed a significant amount of villainy against. Hatred was the major theme mark forwad by the playwrights. Male superiority, is another ele manpowert of the Towneley cycle as the as this stories portrayed the manful as angelic representations of human beings whose only major problem were their wifes who had to fully depend on their guidance. Settings The play Noah and Gill is depicting the age before delivery boy set in the period where the male were portrayed as angelic and holy. the duration where secularism was considered unclean and the women were considered to have to be under the soften of men Characters Noah who is a man of God married to Gill. Noah constantly complains about his wife and in the play he is portrayed as holy. Second reference in the play is Gill who plays Noah wife as hen-peck woman, who constantly causi ng stress to her husband and the same time seems shrewish. Plot development The story starts surrounded by devil married partners Noah and Gill the plot develops from an ancient Christian traditional way of life.Surrounded by both the traditional and bibilical myths, the play holds a strong attraction to the relation with the way of life in the 17th century. To develop the story line the playwright borrows from new fields mostly the the themes expressing hate against women and the innocent traditional way of life which atomic number 18 treated dramatically in the age before Christ (B. C) Symbolism There is a lot of use of symbolism in the story cycles as the women are used as that mark of weakness that constantly pulls obliterate the male in the society man the male symbolizes the angelic pillar of the society.The male also symbolize authority that has to be followed by the distaff in the society so as to keep the balance in the society. Combination of the above styles create s the by-line When this elements are used in combination with each other we see the development of a plot line which symbolizes a mixture of the period Before Christ and the period during the 17th century marking a blend of two civilizations an ancient and a modern age civilization as the settings of its occurrence and the character presentation which shows perceptions of the 17th century reasoning.Aspects of the 17th century reflected by the story are the illustrations on how women were looked down upon in the 17th century and the hatred that was mated on women by the. The clothing used in the play also shows the marked difference in the belief system which the play is set up as it correlates with the 17th century way of life not the original Before Christ would be settingA classic story done in the settings of the early 17th centaury at the term of a shift to secular acting from the more conservative Christian story line, illustrated in the Towneley cycle Noah and Gill in the se cond shepherds play depicts women as saints which other readers have portrayed to illustrate women negatively but without expression of double standards in your reading it is found that women are not expressed as negatively as men in the story (Dane, 2000).In this play significant attention has not been paid to other women characters that appear in the cycle as they are important in the apprehensiveness of women the crucial womens role in the plays. for instance the women who have been virtually ignored in the intersection of the cycle include Mary Magdalene and even virgin Mary. The play write intentionally presents this women as shrews for example instead of choosing examples in the scriptures the playwright chooses to use fictional characters as in the case of Noahs wife and Gill where Gill is his own creation (Grafstein, 2002).Hatred of women in the culture in those times is illustrated by the negative interpretation of the women characters. Through a recently carried out res earch it has been shown that the position of the women was not as bad as the misogyny has lead us to believe . As the women who expressed great hatred for women missed out on be best chances to picture women negatively.Instead of using Sarah in the play Abraham and Isaac to portray mans rebellion against God as originated from the woman scoffing the best picture could have been illustrated by Miriam treating Moses with contemptuous disregard (Kolberg, 2004). Its also seen that despite the women of those times were oppressed they had a greater control of their lives than the women of the seventeenth century when this plays were written.The play recognizes the scoffing teachings as Noah complains of his wife and the general nature of women. During the first two thirds of the play the theme is centralized on Noahs wife lack of respect for authority, this depicts her in coincidence to the nature of the fallen angles and as materialistic and worldly. In the play Noah is presented angeli c family head that has to bear with a stressful wife, who is simply another display of a woman needing the direction of the male.Women are also illustrated comically and more negatively than men. The writer came up with women in these stories to show that women were second class citizens in the eyeball of God Reference Dane W. (2000) Collections Of the16th and 17 centurybest Stories Chicago American Library Association Grafstein, Ann. (2002). Towneley Cycle Story Noah and Gill. Mcgrawhill saucily York. Peter ,Kolberg (2004) Towneley Cycle Story of Noah and Gill Foundation inn the literary skills Longman publishers (2) 22-27

Competence in Counseling Essay Example for Free

Competence in Counseling undertakeCounseling is the professingal guidance in resolving personal conflicts and emotional problems. It is advice, opinion, or instruction prone in direction the discretion or conduct of another. Knowing how to posses personal qualities such as maturity, empathy, warmth, understanding, and association. From a legal stand point ethics, morality, and law must be strongly conformed. It is accurate decision-making, knowing grab talking to to use, and knowledge of the governing standards that is required.Also knowing accurate information about culture and ethnicity of the founder society. Aspects of Counseling Counseling has been misrepresented over the past years for different types of endorsements of products. In todays time the profession as far as focusing goes is now corresponded within its practice. The focus is on growth and wellness as well as clarification of mental dis separates. In order to relate to the counseling sector an understand ing of guidance and psychotherapy must be understood along with having history of the profession.Guidance is leadership, instruction, or direction by helping others make important choices that affect their future in maintaining a amentaceous and healthy lifestyle. An individual being taught guidance must learn to choose what values them the most in order to produce change within their life. This go away seduce that particular individual a aesthesis of direction by following instructions to becoming a leader. The goal in guidance is to erect resourceful and happy lives of individuals by helping them adjust to social actualities. Psychotherapy is a process rivet on helping heal and learn more beneficial ays to deal with problems or disobliges within an individuals life.It is a analogous a supportive process when going through a difficult time period or either under increased stress. It traditionally focused on serious problems associated with internal thin outs, personal iss ues, and conflicts. normally psychotherapy is recommended when a person is struggling with a life, relationship, work issue, or a specific health concern causing the individual a great deal of pain or upset for longer than a few days. Counselors hold an important position that affect many lives throughout the course of a c atomic number 18er.A direction serves as an advice-giving role in a wide number of atomic number 18as. in that location argon many types of advocators, including school guidance proponents, psychological counselors, counselors for victims, youth camp counselors and more. Aspects of Counseling The vast majority of counselors are extremely caring people who are dedicated to their work and enjoy helping to make others lives better. There is a wide range of ideal constitution characteristics that are associated with being a top counselor. mavin of the most important personality traits, if not the most important, is a keen ability to listen.In order to help pe ople and find solutions to problems, the counselor must be a keen listener in order to best help the person seeking counsel. Counselors should as well as have an understanding of human psychology and possess a strong sense of sensitivity. Another ideal character trait for a counselor is having a strong sense of direction in order to find the best path to achievement for the people whom they counsel. Having a strong sense of direction usually solves problems more quickly and efficiently. Ideal counselor personality traits are a commitment to the profession, humanity and the client.The ideal counselor serves the assistance of the clients. The counselor go out develop meaningful and trusting relationships with their clients and insure that this trust is not shaken or broken. An ideal counselors personality has a consumer first attitude and should represent a supporter and guidance role with nurturing characteristics to assist in the creation of a reliable bond between the client an d the counselor. Other quality traits include their knowledge of the profession and its standards of practice, along with some background in psychology.A good organizational personality trait of a counselor is their willingness to promote efficient case management techniques. Aspects of Counseling As an effective counselor one of the main qualities needed is patience. Go to the next step of explanation only when the patient has intelligibly understood the content of the information you have provided. Therefore the counselor needs to have enough decent time for the patient, and should also be a good listener. Let the patient express everything he/she has to say, and give your inputs once when the patient has finished talking.A counselor should be very observant and able to play non-verbal communication for example if the patient looks angry, and then find out the cause of his/her anger first. An effective counselor should provide non-possessive warmth in a counseling environment. Smile and show concern and acceptance by showing comfort, empathy, and understanding to the patient. Counselors should have good knowledge on the topic /problem like ossification to medication. Some people do not take medication for the same reasons, while others demand medication. agreement the factors why people may not do certain activities at specific time will help you to assist them better. Try to understand the feelings the patient is having in the counseling process. In other words put yourself in his/her position. Give the patient the opportunity to make his/her own decision from your message. Lastly be sure to make it aware to the patient that you as their counselor maintain confidentiality on what the patient tells you. This performer that counseling must be done individually and privately.Letting the patient know that you maintain a high degree of personal reliability, trustworthiness and mutual trust as an effective counselor. Aspects of Counseling As there are three different levels of counseling relationships to be aware of nonprofessional, paraprofessional, and professional. Nonprofessionals would be considered as family, friends, colleagues, raging volunteers, or supervisors who try in assisting those who are in need. Secondly, paraprofessionals are individuals who have received some word form of training in human relations.Lastly professionals are those who are educated with the nowledge to provide assistance on a protective and corrective level. While being the ideal, effective, and professional counselor you must also conserve in mind that you must follow the ethical and legal aspects of counseling also. Ethics is defined as a philosophical discipline that is concerned with human conduct and moral decision-making. You should also familiarize yourself with morality, which involves judgment or evaluation of action, and another major definition to know is law, which is the precise organization of governing standards that are established to ensure legal and moral justice.The law does not dictate what is considered to be ethical merely what is considered to be legal. Ethical codes are there to protect the profession from government. They allow the professions to control itself and functions independently kind of of being controlled by legislation. In making ethical decisions counselors familiarize themselves with casebooks, professional colleagues, and principles. It is very crucial that counselors survive well knowledgeable with ethics for the sake of their own well-being and of their patients as well. Multicultural psychology focuses on the cultural differences in thought processes and acceptable vs. nacceptable behaviors.It relates to normal lives such as home, education, work and relationships but also to what is considered abnormal or normal. Aspects of Counseling Knowing your patient plays a huge factor in counseling sessions as well. To know the cultural background of your patient can help you better rela te to them as an individual. Many cultural ethnic groups live in the unify States. A culture is behaviors, thoughts, perceptions, values, goals, and cognitive processes. An issue in multicultural counseling is the dominance of theories based on cultural values.A second issue is sensitivity to cultures in general, believes that are essential to counselors is knowledge of culturally different patients. Knowing that everyone is their own extraordinary person, and have their own views on different things in todays society. The counselor must also have the skills to work with patients of different cultures. Counselors must work in order to know their patients and their problems. European Americans when interpreted into consideration is a larger several(a) population they are very common to the people of the United States.When counseling African Americans a counselor must understand the history, and coping mechanisms. Hispanics/Latinos a very diverse group as well, and regardless to th eir background they are very bicultural. Asian and Pacific Islanders are considered as hard working, successful, and not prone to mental or emotional distress. When dealing with many diverse groups like this a common theme is that counselors who work with a variety of culturally different patients must be knowledgeable about them collectively.

Analyzing Aristotle Essay Example for Free

Analyzing Aristotle EssayThe soul and the personify are different forms. plot of land the body is visible and mortal, the soul is invisible and immortal. He suggests that although the body dies and decays, the soul continues to exist. I do conceive in that respect is life after death, everyone must eventually die, and it cannot be avoided. However, even though death is a fact of life, it is a topic that many people prefer not to talk about. This avoidance of intervention is usually out-of-pocket to the denial of ones own death and the denial is usually due to fear. The fear is, for many people, a fear of the unknown.In my opinion i believe that when humans die, the body and the brain dies, but the mind still exists and it creates our afterlife according to our own beliefs and expectations. If a person believes there in nothing after death then there will not be a dream, it will be as if the person is asleep forever without dreaming. 2) Yes, I agree that the universe is us eful. The purpose of the creation, every though you have is creating your tomorrow. The universe has mysterious ways of revolving what we do day by day. For precedent Karma The sum of a persons actions in this and previous states of existence, viewed as deciding their fate in life. Aristotle said all the same there is God, though not perhaps the simple and human god conceived by the forgivable theanthropism of the adolescent mind. Aristotle represents God as self-conscious spirit. A rather mysterious spirit for Aristotle Gods never does anything he has no desires, no will, no purpose he is activity so pure that he never acts. He is absolutely perfect therefore cannot desire anything therefore He does nothing. His only occupation is to meditate the essence of things and since He himself is the essence of all things, the form of all forms, his sole employment is the contemplation of himself.

Computer science and information technology Essay Example for Free

computing machine science and training technology EssayThe hard work and determination to create opportunities for change re importants to be the main inspiration of man towards the attainment of his person-to-person goals and objectives. They use these experiences as motivation and strength to only come through in their respective fields. Not only does it enhance their capabilities as an individual, at the same time it provides the necessity stepladder in attaining success. With these, I wish to express my intention to apply for a PhD degree in Web Engineering Technology. The realm of computer science and information technology has always fascinated me. It emotional my mind of this complex processes that happens within for a particular system to work. This complexities and possibilities have made me keen of the workable opportunities that are yet to be discovered or formulated. This however, can only be facilitated by further education and research. Looking at my educati onal background, I finished my Bachelor of Science in Computer Science. After this, I began teaching students about the things I had learned during my teach.Given my good academic standing, I was given a full scholarship by my country to study in the United States. This be to be too good to be true for me as it can help me achieve my vast term goals better my skills and competence in the field. Being an international student, I was faced with numerous struggles and difficulties adjusting. provided my hard work paid off. Now, I am currently finishing my last semester to complete my master degree in Computer Science. I can say that this experience enhanced my interpersonal and leadership skills which I can effectively apply in practice.Now, it is my utmost intention to pursue a PhD course of instruction and focus on the field of Web design Technology. I chose this specialization because I am greatly interested in the increasing number of techniques and strategies available in W eb Design. Likewise, I had familiarized myself with this study and hope that in the future I can be able to provide a care of research in my chosen field of profession. In the end, this stepping stone is a vital process towards my personal fulfillment and professional success.

Education for Rizal... Education for me... Essay Example for Free

conveying for Rizal Education for me Essay all(prenominal) now and then my p arents keep on telling me that my learning should be in the number genius slot in my list of priorities. They keep on telling me that I should put a swell deal on finishing my studies. They say (like every parents say), it is the only thing they could leave to us when they reelect away. So, without thinking about it thoroughly, this root word was in becalmed in my mind veracious away. But now that we were asked to write our idea about schooling and relate it with Rizals, this may serve as an opportunity for me to assess and reinforce this thought. As what the books say, the importance of education is quite clear. Education is the knowledge of putting ones potentials to maximum use. One tail end safely say that a human being is not in the proper sense till he is educated. The training of a human mind is not complete without education. Education educates man a right thinker. It tells man how to think and how to make decision. Only through the attainment of education, man is enabled to receive information from the outer world to acquaint himself with past history and receive all necessary information regarding the present.Without education, man is as though in a closed live and with education he finds himself in a room with all its windows open towards outside world. The thought that education is indeed very critical for a population to be at its best is not new to us. Right? Even our national hero has a say on this. In his works and writings, his educational philosophical system is the most emphasized. Philosophy may be defined as the study and pursuit of facts which deal with the ultimate reality or causes of things as they displace life.Rizals concept of the importance of education is clearly enunciated in his work entitled Instruction wherein he seek improvements in the schools and in the methods of teaching. He maintained that the backwardness of his country duri ng the Spanish era was not collectible to the Filipinos indifference, apathy or indolence as cl ranked by the rulers, but to the neglect of the Spanish authorities in the islands. For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the steepest seat of glory and to develop the peoples mentality.Since education is the foundation of ships company and a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that only through education could the country be saved from domination. Rizals philosophy of education, therefore, centers on the provision of proper motivation in order to strengthen the great social forces that make education a success, to create in the youth an innate desire to cultivate his intelligence and defy him life eternal. Another thing, Rizal also sees education as the basis for his idea of an ideal Filipino. We can flush observe in all his works and writings education plays a very important role.His characters are greatly shaped by education. For instance, in his Noli Me Tangere, the character of Crisostomo Ibarra, the elements of knowledge and education is clearly depicted. This is the reason wherefore it is said that Ibarra is the character representation of Jose Rizal. He employ education as a means towards attaining his aim of Philippine independence. Upon searching for our report in PI which is the Second Wave of Rizals Travels, I came across his letter to the women of Malolos. This letter is a way of extending his admiration to the said women.This also make my previous statements true, Rizal really puts oft value on education. In this letter of his, Rizal pleads to the mothers for them to teach their children to love our mother nation and to fight for our liberty. finished this end also, our children will be able to acquire their worthy education. The thoughts of Rizal on education and how he used it as weapon for attaining Philippines independence made me realize its true meaning and importance. I remember, when I was still y oung, education for me is being able to go to school, nothing more. But it is a whole heap more.Education is a word with too many dimensions, too many to mention. Education plays an important role in the progress of an individuals mind and country. Ignorance and poverty are major speed-breakers in the swift developing country and can be overcome easily through education. You cant really call yourself educated if you can read and write or get flat 1s in every subject. A person who is educated has a certain atmosphere around him, of dignity and wisdom. If you are educated, you dont need to abide by the facts that the book recites, or follow Aristotles philosophy.Like Jose Rizal, an educated person builds on the facts the book says and has his own philosophy. If you are educated, you cant consider a wrong philosophy. Education is everything. People are made aware of what is going on in the wide world and can understand these issues and take necessary measures. The quality of human res ource of a nation is easily judged by the number of literate population living in it. This is to say that education is a must if a nation aspires to achieve growth and development and more importantly father it.This may well explain the fact that rich and developed nations of the world have very high literacy rate and productive human resource. In fact these nations have started imparting selective training and education programs so as to meet the new technical and business demands of the 21st century. The importance of education cannot be neglected by any nation. And in todays world, the role of education has become even more vital. It is an supreme necessity for economic and social development of any nation. SourceLife, Ideas, and Works or Rizal by Zalde.

Public Examination Should Not Be Abolished Essay Example for Free

Public Examination Should Not Be Abolished EssayWhile whatever(prenominal) states atomic number 18 carry throughing some form of standards-based reform, there is very little empirical evidence to prove that standards, assessment, and high-s determines duty programs are effective in improving public schools. In many states, such as California, attempts to implement standards-based reform are inconsistently or unconcernedly aligned with quality research. The following are some of the shortcomings of standards-based reform. 1. Recent reports on the standards-based reform movement in New York suggest that in many schools the careless implementation of standards and assessment may sire veto consequences for students. Vague and unclear standards in several study areas in several states complicate matters and do not do as concrete standards defining what students should do it and be able to do. 3. Top-down standards imposed by the federal or state government are also problema tic. They impose content unique(predicate)ations without taking into account the different needs, opportunities to learn, and skills that may be appropriate for specific districts or regions. Table 1 Advantages of SBA compared with external examinations Point Characteristics of SBACharacteristics of Exams Scope Extends the range and diversity of assessment accretion opportunities, t posit types and assessors Much narrower range of assessment opportunities less diverse assessment one exam per class Authenticity Assessment done by students own teacher less possibility of cheating as teacher knows student capabilities assessments more likely to be realistic Removes assessment entirely from teaching and scholarship stressful conditions may lead to students not demonstrating real capacities ValidityImproves validity through assessing factors that cannot be include in public exam settings Limits validity by limiting scope of assessment, e. g. difficult to assess fundamental interactio n skills in exam environment Reliability Improves reliability by having more than one assessment by a teacher who is familiar with the student allows for multiple opportunities for assessor considerateness/standardisation Even with divalent marking, examiners judgments can be affected by various factors (task difficulty, topic, interest level, tiredness, etc) little fortune for assessor reflection / review FairnessFairness is achieved by following commonly-agreed processes, outcomes and standards teacher assumptions about students and their oral language levels is make explicit through collaborative sharing and discussion with other teachers Fairness can only be achieved by treating everyone the same, i. e. setting the same task at the same time for all students. FeedbackStudents can father constructive feedback immediately after the assessment has finished, hence improving learning The only feedback is usually a grade at the end of the course no opportunities for interaction wi th assessor no chance to ask how to improve Positive washback (beneficial influence on teaching and learning) Ongoing assessment encourages students to work consistently provides strategic data for evaluation of teaching and assessment practices in general Examination is purely summative, and does not serve any teaching-related purpose effects on teaching and learning may even be negative may encourage teaching to the test and a focus on exam technique, rather than outcomes.teacher and student empowerment Teachers and students become part of the assessment process collaboration and sharing of expertise take place within and across schools Teachers play little to no role in assessment of their students and have no opportunity to share their expertise or knowledge of their students students treated as numbers master key development Builds teacher assessment skills, which can be transferred to other areas of the curriculum Teachers have no opportunity to build their assessment skills get little or no feedback on how to improve as teachers

Consumer Behaviour within LOreal

Consumer behavior within LOrealIn the latter half of the 20th century a rapid growth of the spherical market resulted in a signifi terminatet increase in the amount of scores and products pre direct in more or less, if non all, industries with a focus on the end consumers. Companies be obliged to identify the underlying aesthetical reasons for the victimisation up as consumers be possessed of access to numerous choices. This alteration causes a need for differentiation in put up to beat the competition by offering products that non merely fulfil basic demand save in any case add value to the lifestyle customers desire to be a part of. such soil intangible asset features of the sends that do non include any explicit qualities, are vital for providing exclusive aesthetic start outs for their customers.The objective of a company is to wee-wee an image, a sign of scholarship and quality (Schmitt Simonson, 1997). Positive memories created in consumers minds gi ve the gate provide loyalty and premium equipment casualty setting in the future as state are keen to return to the brands that previously delivered trustworthy satis featureion. The expansion of benefits of a strong brand is all important(p) (Keller Lehmann, 2006). The company behind the strong brand may, for example, acquit easier access to new markets by utilising a brand extension- the process where novel products are released under the existing brand. This scheme effectively owns a feeling of recognition and approval the consumer might have towards the original brand line.The professional vibrissa care industry sop up as a good example where creating an aesthetic encounter plays a big part in influencing consumer demeanor. For instance, we have go through that many styling products ofttimes serve little utilitarian purpose and are not necessarily useful from a practical point of eyeshot nevertheless these products seem to create intangible value and significance for the user. Professional styling products are being sold exclusively in cop salons and departmental stores where a symbolisationic melodic phrase is created. The whole buying process is shaped around generating a tender interaction, impulse and feeling. As a result tomentum product customer is not only influenced by the companies visual output but likewise by becoming stirred uply connected with organisational values and beliefs. mess often purchase products spontaneously without any clear consideration whether a certain product is genuinely needed or worth the price paid. Mick DeMoss (1990), suggest that this self-gifting phenomenon is provoked by the endeavour to trip and indulge, relieve stress or just do roughthing nice for atomic number 53self.Paula Begoun, author of the book Dont Go shop for Hair-Care Products without Me (1999), explains in an interview to CBS news (2005), that wasting money is not beautiful at all and asks the challengeWhat is sexy and attrac tive about rinsing money down the drain?She finishes with the statement that,There is utterly no difference between expensive products and inexpensive products, and I say that unequivocally.Why do population buy expensive styling products although there are cheaper, easily accessible cop care alternatives? Does the answer bide in blendting cleaner, shinier hair or to obtain a con soakedation that individuals by using these products will feel beautiful and indeed fit in the picture organisations create? Lastly, are there gentle strategies for organisations to pursue in auberge to beat the competition in this multi-billion industry?This essay discusses the consumer buying deportment for hair care products. This paper also discusses how marketers address these consumer behaviours using LOreal as an example.Consumer buying behaviourSociety, individuals and organisations create a never-ending cycle in which the three largely affect each early(a)wise. In order to be a part of th e society, people have to fulfil certain unwritten norms and communicate in a way that is widely accepted and understood by other members of that same culture (Bowditch Buono, 2005). Consequentially, individuals often base their purchases on these premises to fit in within the group. According to McCracken (1986) this is a cause for organisations to unendingly redevelop their product lines in order to match the expectations in society. When this occurs, cultural norms are passed on in products. When these later are purchased the meaning is once more shifted, this time to the customer, and the continuous cultural circle of society, individuals and organisations transfigure once more (please refer to the figure below). foresee Transfer of cultural meaning, McCracken (1986).Beauty is a issuance which is difficult to grasp especially since it is perceived differently and related to various cultural or cordial norms. Beauty might be seen as a powerful tool that can help one to achi eve highschooler ambitions which might be significant for future growth and development (Hamermesh Biddle, 1994). According to Eco (2004), the countersign beautiful expresses something that we are fond of, enjoy looking at. For that reason a sense of personal termination as well as indulgence is created (Prettejohn, 2005). Hair styling has emerged as one of the draw fashion points in recent years as individuals, particularly young consumers realise that styling hairs in a trendy way of life has an impact on peoples perception of their fashion sense. Hair styling is particularly delighting for consumers because hairstyle is one construction of sort which can be set in different styles as compared to rest of the face which the individuals can do little about except for wearing makeup.Aesthetics is defined by Berthon, et al., (2009) as a attainment of perception that relies on our ability to distinguish value or significance in the object of interest and thereby develop taste .In advertising beauty is produced by aesthetic images and symbols which are interpreted by consumers (Vacker, 1993). For that reason, as Schmitt Simonson (1997) state, aesthetics can be used as an influential tool for organisations to differentiate their products with. However, emotions can be easily abused by organisations and hence produce a false view of the scientific truth (Jensen, 1999). For instance, illusions can be formed by companies, that state that certain products are better than others and that customers gain more for the money they pay. As a result the companies will neglect the truth as hanker as consumers are convinced that the information is correct. Jensen discusses the problem further by claiming that a false cause is eventually created in order to justify the purchases made. There is extensive scientific documentation that aesthetic experience undoubtedly affects consumer behaviour in several ways (Berthon, et al., 2009 Hirschman, 1983).Further, by using exp eriential and sensory merchandise strategies (Schmitt, 1999), closely studying consumer attitudes and preferences (Gupta, et al., 2008), creating symbolic ( impose, 1959) and emotional (Bauman, 2001) values organisations can produce a luxurious and beat feeling of desire (Belk, et al., 2003) that hopefully end in both increased profits and improved consumer value. Thus, it is ingrained for organisations to identify what consumers desire, often before they actually know that themselves, and use the marketing strategies to enhance that desire.LOreals marketing schema involves using attractive models with different hairstyles Using these models LOreal creates a false perception among consumers that using LOreals products will make them look like the models. LOreals models use extensive makeup which cotton up the fact that LOreals consumers are very sensible about their appearance and may use lot of make up as well.Another key aspect of LOreals marketing strategy for hair care p roducts is using models with different skin colours. This could be a strategy to improve the aesthetic appeal of LOreals hair care products.One key aspect of LOreals marketing strategy is to advertise a single shade of a hair colour. For example when it advertises red hair colour, all the models in the advertisement will be wearing different shades of red hair colour only.2.1 Emotional experiencesFranzen Bouwman (2001) state that individual perceptions and memories are linked to emotional reactions. The cognitive part of the homophile brain reflects, analyses and makes decisions, the emotional part of the brain, on the other hand, reacts spontaneously on the perceived external stimulation. When a person is exposed to new information the brain has to make a choice whether or not, or to what extent he has to pay attention. Emotional experiences are actual impulses that cause human behaviour and it is thinkable to identify two types of recollections of emotional experiences implici t and explicit emotional experience (Franzen Bouwman, 2001). People perceive nigh marketing unconscious(p)ly and superficially but they are still influenced by it in the future acquire behaviour. As a result a perception of the brand can be seen as unconscious and implicit unless it has already been connected to concrete experiences which have led to explicit cognitive recollections (Franzen Bouwman, 2001). LOreals marketing strategy is to market LOreal as a wholesome brand rather than as individual product lines which content that when consumers actually decide to purchase any product they are likely to remember LOreal brand.Through a multi-sensory experience, created by sensory perceptions, people respond to external stimulations as well as they react to emotional images which are all consciously or unconsciously. This creates possibilities for hedonic consumption which is, as explained by Hirschman Holbrook (1982, p. 92), a phenomenon that designates those facets of consu mer behaviour that relate to the multi-sensory, fantasy and emotive aspects of ones experience with products. It is essential for companies to identify the symbolic meaning of consumer goods which are more and more becoming a part of our consumer indistinguishability and image. Symbolic meaning of hair care products such as hair colour is to give the hairs a colour which matches the personality, mood, occasion and the rest of the attire. This is often witnessed in effort of air colour advertising by LOreal as often the products are advertised using models who are wearing the clothing and makeup which matches the hair colour. Thus, LOreal tries to symbolise hairs as one part of the body which needs to be dressed like rest of the body to make the look complete.For hair care products, LOreals marketing strategy is to highlight the hairs as the most important part of the looks. This is often through by highlight the hairs so that everything else looks meaningless (as is evident from s ome of the advertisements shown below)All these advertisements highlight hairs as the main part of the look. By highlighting the hairs as the most important part and noticing that it is affirmable to alter the appearance of hairs (by styling and colouring), LOreal tries to convey the pass that it is possible to achieve the model looks. In other watchwords, the highlight are the hairs which have been treated with LOreal products which office that the looks of the model in the advertisement are a result of LOreals product and hence the consumers can get the same looks if they use LOreal products.2.2 Consumer behaviour and human needsWhen clarifying the consumer behaviour several authors describe purchases from a need- oddment perspective (Schiffman Kanuk, 2000). With some difference in terminology they explain how a need is created for a human being, for example, a feeling of hunger or the aspiration to become an esteemed member of society. Maslow (1943) presents a pecking order of needs and argues that the level below is always more important than the one above. The lowest level consists of what could be called innate or primary needs and higher up in the pyramid are the acquired or secondary needs. The above example of being an esteemed member of society fits into the second highest of these levels labelled esteem).Figure Maslows pyramid. The levels represent different parts of the hierarchy.Needs work as motivation to reach a goal that can be generic or product-specific (Schiffman Kanuk, 2000). A generic goal to cleaner hair would be shampoo a product specific goal would in turn be shampoo from one of the various brands in the market. LOreals marketing strategy targets both. For example, for hair colouring products, the generic strategy can be good and trendy looks while the product specific strategy can be to market LOreal hair colour products. LOreal extensively uses its brand name in marketing LOreal products2.3 marketGagliard (1996) explains that when the object is being experienced in a physical, tangible reality it is acknowledged through sensory experiences. Organisations can, in this context, be seen not only as physical settings that produce products but also as a brand with the potentiality to nourish and promote peoples senses. Artefacts can be defined as a form of message, existing each independently of its creator, or being perceived by the senses. Through these, organisations can contribute to promoting their goals.According to Franzen Bouwman (2001) a brand can be defined as a sign or a symbol of recognition in form of logos, labels, names and colours which evokes associations in people and is commercially linked to vendible goods and services. It is a source of value to both consumers well as the companies. By maintaining a strong brand firms achieve loyalty and steady future sales. LOreal invests significantly in advertising LOreal brand. In fact, the brand LOreal is highlight of almost all marketing communi cations that the firm undertakes irrespective of the product. By highlighting the name LOreal experts the firm aims to send a signal that it is expert and hence trustworthy at producing the particular product. LOreal also uses the word Paris in its branding this is to associate LOreal with Paris, the Meccah of fashion. Associating a brand with Paris automatically symbolises a high end fashion product and this strategy is wisely used by LOreal to influence its customers who may indicate desire for French fashion.Around the very core of the product there are a more or less equally valued attributes. Not only is a shampoo a hair-cleansing cheat but there are several other aspects that are taken into consideration during the creation process. Such attributes include quality, design, package, colour, smell and lots more. LOreal packs its products in high quality packing with glossy covers. There is also product specific packing for hair colours the packing will contain the face of a mo del with the same colour as the one in the pack. This is informative packing as LOreal aims to formulate the consumer about how the hair will look after colouring using that particular colour. This is often done to reduce customers disappointment for example, if detailed picture is not given, consumers may use the colour only to risk that it does not look the way they hoped it to and this may lead to divorcing the brand altogether. To avoid this, LOreal, or in fact most of hair colour manufacturers provide an image of a model with the same hair colour.Gardner Levy (1955) define the brand as more than a label, established to distinguish the company from its competitors. Instead they view it as a symbol which makes up a complicated net of various attributes which are sent out by the company. Later these are interpreted and re-valued by the customers and results in an overall public image. For the company, the feelings and attitudes the customers have towards the brands are essentia l not only to promote and sell any current products but also to attempt to launch new products under the same brand umbrella. This view of the brand as a symbol that creates awareness, loyalty and associations has later become known under the summarising definition brand equity (Kotler, et. al., 2005).As Franzen Bouwman (2001) puts it, brands that succeed in strategically linking emotions to them are generally connected to products that have something to do with these emotions. In other words, when the emotional response reflects the brand and also the very product itself, the brand-owner has succeeded in what all companies seek to do today, to create a unified message to the consumer.2.3.3 Sensory marketingConsumers respond to the overall product or service characteristics, both tangible and intangible, produced by a total product offering. Through sensory marketing, likeable to the consumers through smell, music, design and taste, companies not only differentiate their image and create a strong identity but also construct an overall satisfactory personal experience. The figure below shows how the bodily senses either separately or in a have way, creates an experience and reaction from the consumer.Figure Senses attributing to a combined customer experience, Hultn et al. (2008).For example, the sight sense comes through the visual images such as product design, box or particular style. It is essential for people who consume the final product to make sure that they can see the product of interest. LOreal achieves this by providing the customers wit the image of a model wearing the same hair colour as the one in the pack. Kotler (1973) suggests that the key factor is actually the place, or in other words the sensory quality of the space in which the product or service is purchased. In some cases it is more influential than the offering itself and can overrule the primary product.. The right atmosphere does not only draw potential customers but also send a m essage about its position or status and therefore increase the probability for future purchases. The importance of the possibility for a purchase and the atmosphere is presented by Kotler (1973) belowFigure The Casual Chain Connection Atmosphere and Purchase Probability, Kotler (1973).The place aspect of advertisement is addressed by LOreal by selling its products through departmental stores and hair salons.2.3.4 Experiential MarketingThis theory states that consumers are viewed not only as rational decision makers, concerned with functionality and personal benefits, but as emotional human beings, willing to achieve something extraordinary, for instance a memorable and enjoyable experience (Schmitt, 1999). This is a strategy often used by LOreal who aims to market the message that by using its products it is possible to achieve model looks. As mentioned earlier, this is done by highlighting the hairs in the marketing images to suggest that hairs the most critical aspects of particul ar models looks and that the looks of these hairs is because of the marketed LOreal product. In other words, use this particular product and you can look the same.By generating the uniqueness effect and selecting certain attributes that purchasers value, organisation are awarded with premium price which exceeds the extra costs indispensable for the differentiation (Porter, 2004).Figure Difference in price consumers are willing to pay for professional and sell products.The figure above shows the price difference in products which consumers are willing to pay. The question mark represents the undiscovered factors that enable consumers to buy professional hair care products at such a high price compared to retail alternatives. LOreal hair colour products are in mid to expensive range and cost more than many of its rivals. These products may be strategically priced a bit high to increase their symbolic value. For example, if hair care products are priced to low, consumers may perceiv e the product as low standard. Raising the prices Too much would have an impact on the consumption level consumers will either not buy or will not use the product that frequently. The problem with the latter is that if the consumers tend to become satisfied with their looks without using these products, they might stop the consumption of these product altogether. It is important for these firms to maintain the desire for these products and hence products are priced to stimulate consumption.ConclusionIn conclusion LOreal uses it marketing strategy according to desire aspect more than anything else. It selects the targeted consumer divisions and addresses the desires of this consumer segment by using appropriate marketing signals. LOreals marketing strategy involves proving to the customers that it is possible for them to achieve the same looks as the models in its advertisements by using LOreal products.2,968 Words